Storage battery.



PMN. GHAMBERLAIN. STORAGE BATTERY. APPLIOATIONIILED 00T. 9, 190e.

' Patened July 27, 1909.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

M am@ mmm. l mum oo., vnoro-umognrums. WAsulucneN, D. c.

l MED' t SEaTYA PATENT onirica. l

" lminus Ni. onAMBERi-,AINQ oF nEPEW, NEW Yoan', AssiefNoR` To eoULDSTORAGE BATTERY y f y COMPANY, A. ooRroRNTroNloF NEW Yoan. j

` l srozaaenl BATTERY.

f npjlicatioa mea` octdbefeheosi serirNofsss-,osa

afa @ma "and has foriitsobj ect such an arrangement or' construction-`oli "a storage battery cell, espe-1 cally of the u'sualtypehavingleadplates; that the"cell's u may' beagrouped together in? seriesandoperatei elhiently Whilebeing cheaper 'tol manufacture, tofinstall#and tomaintain andi i Storage battery cells@ are nearly always t usedingroupsfhavi'nga numberocells in5 seriesz The eidinary` storage`battery cell' is: providedfwith positivesfand" negatives alter-- 1natelyl arrangedythe outer lplates oli the cell? being;negatives--l;`Since theout'er platesiarel actedlupoaononly1`one`side they are ordi"`v"Ilarilyf fprovidediwith active materiallonly `on therA insider.`1plate"'..\y Inf connecting) diierent" cellsin series,"- tlefordinarypraoticeislto con y neet 1 the` various negatives I of? one cellto theA various` positivlesoty the: `other cell'-` and thisl i l mustbedoneat he"lplace'wherethe1 batteries i are! toll 14be Winstalledy the'connectiontbeing" made b Vthe Xpensive and difficult-process l "ingthefgrouploff` cellsin 'eertI thusconnected the entire useriesof` Ydevine"""NoVindvidal? plate. canl be lit-ted Wout` of *thecellnoifeantle elements ofi one eellibeiremovedtherefrom-1forpurposes-ofine- T" spectionorfre ainunl'essthe `pilatesof` all-'the cellsareisimu taneously liftedll or'unles's-tiliefAfconnections betvveenl adjoining cells are cut, thus@requiring`anotherlead burning operiafgjm i "'fItfhasbeen; proposed toemplocellsin-f Whichthe platesareformedincoup es sotllat the plates `maybeburnefd or'cast togetherat tliefactory; simply sli ping the couplestinto"L adj oini'ngfl cellsv atthelp ace" Where the battery istol beusedy'Ehiswvouldpossessmanyandl important advantages; feliminating all leadburniltgatthe? oint ofiinsta-llation and'peri ffirnittingan uns Killedattendant to examine@ the" cellsV or removef orfrepair'p'arts thereofwithlfgreat ease, .i besides` making die battery cheaper*ltotmanufaeture; shipgginstallanw specification Aof Letters Patent,

inaintain". Moreover, it would enable the 1" actionj of "the differentcells tofbe equalizedby redistribution.of theplates andV make it' con` ivenient t'oincrease ordecreasethe number ot` icells in any installationat Will. i W'hileJ hoW- ever, this constructionfof cells `has been pro-`posed, ithas `been oundftojbe a disadvana tageous one in practice;gt'hat this general` arrangement canbe `suc- `'cessliully employed thusobtaining the ad-r vantages I have above outlined Without any ofsettingdisadvantages, provided f i that My inventionfrelates tostoragebatterie'sf Workrequiredf off the cell.` t

lls becomes in edect one integral?- patented Jly 27, 1909".`

I have` discovered Wherever" the outsideL plate of the cell is apositive it is specially designedf relative tto. the other positives oftheee'll With relationto thel i t 70 `The arrangement' of battery cellsabove re ferred to with plates formed in couples requires thatthecells-l of the group` shalll alternately` have outsidenegative'plates i an'dloute; side* positive plates, because the"negative" plates oli one set mustbein series with thel positive platesot the next, andSV Witlrthel platestlusibuilt inipairs;theoutsideplateofi il onec'elli must bein series Witl'r4 the outside" p "y plateofthefnext. Iliave discovered'thattlleA disadvantageous operationof thistype ofbat--` tery isi dueV t'o the one-sided' action upon= "theiroutsidepositivesoffthealternate cells of tfhe-` f l Vgiro'pfWhich'areInuchmore` seriously "affect-` i ed* by "thisrone-sided actiontolwhich*thefeut-l s-ide pl'atesware subjected than theout'sid'enegativesare; -For this-reason the-outside p positives'tend'tolbuekle'or`get out oflaral`` lelisrnf with the other plates ofthece l`i anol-` ttheir eficiency becomes destroyed with coneV` siderable rapidity; I havefound# thatlthis diilicultyV can be yremoved by making4 the differentpositives oftlie cells having" outsidef'y positivesof substantiallydiierentcapaeity relative to the Workthat the H cell is `expected tokdo; the outside plateshaving aneXcessive capacity'relativetotheworkWhichktheyare callediuponl to do, "While the other positiveshave* the normal capacity relative `to the i Work which they are called`upon; to din Thisadditional capacity may bel obtainedi inf` manyj speciiiev Ways according"` to '1 the particul larcharacter' of! platesemployed: I have` foundV in?` practiceY that with: a "cell" employingspun plates upon which the active yrnates rialis for-med Plantlwise,thatentirelysatfis factory resnltslmay bje'obtained by sogi'ooiv` y eing!A tl`1efoutsid'eV andk inside positivesthat thel loo outsidepositive on itsone active'side willcarry about as muchV active materialas is carried on both sides of the inside positives. The result,therefore, is that the outside p ositive has substantially one hundredpercent. greater capacity than either side of the inside positives.

Referring to the drawings, Figure ll showsv the general arrangement ofthe cells that is" made practical by my invention, theV differ-- entrelative capacities being diagrammatically indicated. Figs. 2*'-and 3are greatly magnified portions ofthe face of an outside positive and aninside positive plate respectively. Figs. 4 and show greatly magni iiedhorizontal sections of portions of outside and inside positive plates.Y,

A, A', A2 represent three storage rbattery cells connected in series, itbeing Vunderstood'V 1 separated inthe ordinary way by separators D. Atonev end of the series the three positive plates B of the cell areconnected together by the terminal E and at the other end the variousnegative plates of the cell are connected together by the terminal E.

It will be noted that each outside negative C of cell A2 is directlyconnected with the corresponding outside positive plate B of cell Al andthat the intermediate negatives C of cell A2 arev each connected withcorresponding intermediate positives B of the cell A. The variousnegatives C of cell A are each connected to a corresponding'positive ofthe cell A. I have shown only threelcells because that number issufficient to illustrateV all the methods of connection no matter ,howmany cells there may be. If there are additional cells the two types ofconnection shown alternately continue throughout the series.l

Because it is practically impossible to illus,- trate on a small scalethe eXact difference between the construction of the outside and thevinside positives, I have not attempted in Fig. 1 to illustrate thisfeature except diagrammatically. `I have merely indicated the relativeamounts of activematerial on the various positives -by reference to theprojecting portions'b, Zi', indicating that thev projection b on theactive side of the outer positives is substantially twice the activematerial 'on' each side of the inner plates. This'I have indicated bymaking the projection b about twice as wide as the projection b.' YThe4outer,

VYacvross-section of the same.

positives, therefore, each have s1ibstantiallyY twice the capacity ofeither side of any of the inner positives.

. One way of obtaining this result is shown l in Figs. 2 to 5. Fig. 2shows the active'side of the outer positive plate b and Fig. 4 shows Theplate is spun with ribsf extending beyond the original surface of theplate and forming grooves between them'. These grooves are filled withactive material g. The same construction is carried out in the :innerpositives BV shown in Figs. and 5, butin this case-the ribs f are wide,WhileV the grooves carryingV the active material g are narrow.f` vIn thepresent instance'the grooves f" are twiceY the Width of-the grooves fand as there are'the same number per inch the grooves left inY plate'gDare only Vone-half the Vwidth andV therefore could contain' but one-halfof the active material, thus givingthe plateBsubstantially vtwice thecapacity.

-It will be understood that while prefer to make 'the outer positives ofsubstantially twice the capacity Vof either side of the inner positives,yetthat this will be .varied according to local conditionsand the ty 'eof plate` employed, the important feature eing that the outer plateshouldy have fexcessive capacity relative to that ofthe otherY plates ofthe cell,vso that when the' cell is used to-its v full capacity, sofarasall the otherlates are concerned, the outer positives will e Work- Y.

ing at far below their capacity. It will also be yunderstood thatY theinvention, is applicable to otherwtypes of storage battery platesthanthosespeciiically shown in which the active material is formedPlante-,wise voney Y i spun plates. There are numerous ,typesand' for-msof` lead platesfor storagebatteries inY use and my invention maybeapplied to any ofthem. y Having thus describedmy invention, what Iclaim as new and desire to secure byIietters Patent is;VV f

' 1.V kIn a storage battery'cell, `afpllnality of Y ioo Y battery platesalternately positive and nega- Y tive, anv outside plate being apositive and having `.substantially greater capacity than eitllier sideoftheinside positive plates ofthe cel f 2. Ina storage battery cell, Lapluralityof Y* positive plates 'having substantially different..capacity per active side, those at the Outside of thegroup having thegreater capacity.

Y3. In a storage battery cell, an inside positive-plate having activematerial on each side thereof, and outside positive plates having activematerial onone side of Veach,the outside positivesfbeing ofsubstantiallyy greater capacity than either sideof the inside positive.Y

4:.' In a storage batteryv cell, an outside positive plate havingAsubstantially las muchactive material on the inside'thereof asthatcarried by both sidesof the inside positive i hplates of the samecell. uy

`5. In a storage battery cell, a group of "positive plates some havingnot materially less than the capacity of the others, those of greatercapacity being on "the outside of the group., j

6.l In astora e battery cell, an outside `positive plateeectrochemically formed on one side thereof andinside positive plates felectrochemically formed onboth sides there- "of, the outside positiveplatebeing formed With substantially as much active material i lon theinside asthat formed on both sides of` the inside positive lates.

g 7;"In astorage "attery cell,4.a` group of {electrochemically formedpositive plates,

some being formed to have substantially tvviceI or more the capacity peractive side of the others, those of greater capacity being on` y, theoutside ofthe group. y

` 1 8: In a storage battery, a plurality of cells in series, alternatecells having outside positive plates, said outsidepositives being of eX-cessive capacity Iper active side. as compared n y With the otherpositives ofthe battery.

L3 9. In astorage battery, a plurality of cells `inseries, alternatecells having outside posi- L tive plates, said outside positives havingsubstantially `tvvice `or more the capacity per active side of theremaining positives of the battery.

`outer platebeing not ,materially less than that on the inner plates. a

12. Ina storage battery cell, a plurality of electrochemically formed abattery plates alternatively positive and negative, anoutside platebeing positive and being formed to have a substantially greater capacitypel"` active side than are the inside positive plates ofthe cell. y y iIn testimony Whereof,"Ihave signed my `name to this" specification, inthe presenceof two subscribing Witnesses. a

RUFUS N. .CHAMBERLAIN Witnessesz Y A. DALY, a EDWIN SEGER.

